绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad
形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。
规则变化如下:
1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
great (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。
clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-iest 构成.
happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级)
5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。
big (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。
beautiful (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
difficult (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
interesting(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
dangerous (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
valuable(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
comfortable(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
原级------比较级------最高级
good------better------best
many------more------most
much------more------most
bad------worse------worst
little------less------least
far------farther, further------farthest, furthest
注意：slowly-more slowly-the most slowly
often-more often-the most often
clever-cleverer-cleverest和clever-more clever-the most clever都对
old-older-oldest; old-elder-eldest
older是比……大；elder做定语修饰其它名词：elder sister
小贴士1：elder和eldest可用来表示兄弟和子女的长幼顺序：
my elder sister 我的姐姐
my eldest brother 我的大哥
their eldest son他们的长子
小贴士2：further表示“较远”外，还可表示 “进一步的”；而farther仅表示距离：
The farther planets are too cold. 更远的行星太冷。
Do you need any further help? 你还需要更进一步的帮助吗？
2. 双音节词除了以“辅音＋y”结尾的词外，还有以ow, er, le结尾的词，和个别其他双音节词，可以用加词尾的办法构成比较级和最高级：
原级 比较级 最高级
narrow narrower narrowest
clever cleverer cleverest
simple simpler simplest
common commoner commonest
3. 也有少数单音节词可以加more和most的办法构成比较级和最高级：
原级 比较级 最高级
pleased more pleased most pleased
tired more tired most tired
glad more glad most glad
形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不"
important 重要 less important 较不重要 the least important 最不重要
形容词比较级的用法:
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:
1.主语 谓语(系动词) 形容词比较级 than 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句 than 从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。
Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。
It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。
This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。
The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。
Life was than it is today. 那时的生活比现在苦得多。
Europe has land than Canada. 欧洲的面积比加拿大小。
2. 有时状语从句可以省略：
The weather is warmer today. 今天天气要暖和得多。
Are you feeling better now? 现在你感觉好一点了吗？
I’ll be more careful in future. 以后我要细心点。
I had never seen a better film. 我没看过(比这)更好的电影。
3. 比较级前有时有一个状语修饰：
My sister is two years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小两岁。
Our room is slightly bigger than theirs. 我们的房间比他们的稍微大一点。
This car is a bit more expensive. 这辆车稍稍贵点。
You are an inch taller than Tom. 你比汤姆高一寸。
Your pronunciation is much better than mine. 你发音比我好多了。
4. 比较级的形容词还可以用在某些句型中：
Most cities in China are getting bigger and bigger. 中国大多数城市越来越大。
He read more than ten books last term. 上学期他看了十几本书。
The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越高兴。
形容词最高级的用法:
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
1. 主语 谓语(系动词) the 形容词最高级 名词 表示范围的短语或从句。
She is student her class. 她是班上最好的学生。
Shanghai is one of cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
It was film we had ever seen. 这是我们看过的最糟的电影。
It was hotel we could find. 这是我们能找到的最便宜的旅馆。
Tom is boy in his basketball team.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。
The Yangtze is river in our country. 长江是我国最大的河流。
2. 形容词前有时有定语或状语修饰：
Its second largest city is Osaka. 它的第二大城市是大阪。
The third largest city is Los Angeles. 第三大城市是洛杉矶。
练习：
II. 给出下面形容词的比较级和最高级：
1. bright 2. fat
3. lazy 4. safe
5. heavy 6. wide
7. high 8. close
9. long 10. dirty
11. sad 12. brave
13. silly 14. beautiful
15. early 16. difficult
17. interesting 18. delicious
II. 在空格中填入所给形容词的适当形式：
1. She is two year ___ than me. She’s the ___ girl in our class. (young)
2. Bill is ___ than Tom. He’s the ___ of the three children. (old)
3. John is the ___ boy in the class. (clever)
4. Cairo is the ___ city in Egypt. (big)
5. Her bicycle is ___ than mine. (good)
6. My cold is ___ today than it was yesterday. (bad)
7. Tokyo is ___ from Beijing than from Shanghai. (far)
8. This question is ___ than the other one. (simple)
9. This street is ___ than Beijing Road. It’s actually the ___ street in the whole city. (narrow)
10. It is ___ in Hong Kong than in Kunming. (hot)
11. My cold is getting ___. (bad)
12. The ___ man has the ___ leisure. (busy, much)
13.I didn’t have the ___ desire to go to bed. (little)
14. Manchester is ___ from London than Oxford. (far)
15. They made ___ arrangements. (far)
16. I’ll try to make ___ mistakes in future. (few)
17. It is ___ than I thought. (expensive)
1.
1）. This box is___ that one.
A. heavy than B. so heavy than
C. heavier as D. as heavy as
2）. When we speak to people, we should be ' .
A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly
C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly
3）. This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.
A. as difficult as; expensive
B. as more difficult as; more expensive
C. as difficult as; more expensive
D. more difficult as; as expensive
4）. I think the story is not so ___ as that one.
A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting
5）. His father began to work____ he was seven years old.
A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while
2
( )1. I think science is _ than Japanese.
A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important
( ) 2 This pencil is___ than that one.
A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long
( ) 3 My mother is no ___ young.
A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few
( ) 4 These children are ____ this year than they were last year.
A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller
( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.
A. even hotter B. more hotter
C. much more hot D. much hot
( )6. Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better.
A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse
3.
( ) 1. Which do you like ___, tea or coffee?
A. well B. better C. best D. most
( ) 2. This work is ____ for me than for you.
A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult
( ) 3. Which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the fish?
A. good B. better C. best D. well
( ) 4. The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once
A. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high
( ) 5. Don't you think it ______ not to write the letter?
A. well , B. better C. best D. good
